Braking apparatus



Aug. 3, 1943. J. A. FORBES BRAKING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 15, 1941 N 7 I ww INVENTOR.

Patented Aug. 3, 1943 r r M Arrhnziifins I r V s se i-11 A. Forbes, Detroit, Mien, nssignor km} f Kelse'y IIayes' -Wheel Company, Dctroitfl'flich,

j a corpnrztionofDelaware' :5. r.

essences sugust 15, 1941; seems; stress; 5 (emce -c) v V or 6 Claims. The invention relates tob raking appa atus and refers more particnlarlyto hydraulic brakingap paratus for tractor and trailer vehicles having individual or separate and self-contained brake systems so arranged that theprgessure on the tractor brake-system can betren'sxnittdto the trailer brakesystem. r

The invention hasH-for one object to provide an improved coupling tor the brake systems which rnay be readily operated; Y v

"The invention hashfor' another 1 object to so construct the counling that certain of its parts are relatively angularly movableto detachably' connections with the other and the-parts in their-- different relative positions function'to permit the transmission-otpressure from one '-brake system to the otherandto make each system self-contained. I

The invention has for a} further obiect tosoconstruct the coupling-that its parts whichare hydraulically tomrated brake friction irneans V which maybe of 'the same construction as those.

for thetracton l0 represents a master-cylinder I suitably mounted on the -chassisof the trailer and operativelyconnected to the front andriear heel cylinders by the longitudinally extending tunings H and -l in ;and thetran'sversely extendf ins-tunings l2 and I3, "The ='brake systems -for V the tra'ctor and trailer areindividual or separate more liable to be damaged are protected when the parts of the couplinghare connected or dis,

connected. 7

1 These and-other objects of the invention will becorne apparent from the following description,

taken inconnection with the accompanying drawing, in which s Figure 1, isa diagrammatic view of tractor and trailer vehicles having individual brake systems connected by a coupling embodying my inventidn; r

thecoupling; r i y I Figures 3 and 4 are crosssections onthe lines 3+3 antic- 1, respectivclnci Figure 2; v

Figure 5 is across section on the line 57-5 of igure 2 a centrel irertical section throcgh and selicontained as-shown particularly in f reg 2 ,'-'t he cylinder 1 of the tractor brake systern 'end the cylinderjhi Vof the' master cylinder ,idofthetrailer brake system have located there: I within the pistons 15 and'-l5, respectively, to-pieventleakagepf the braking liquid from thebrake 1 systems. rThe mastcrcylinder I Q iisaformed with the -brakingliquidrservbir H which contains excess braking 7 liquid jor replenishing the brake .systen of the-trailer. In this connection, the {construction of the master cylinder lfl,as jthus li'ar describedfi stand ldze .i1:= The 'coupling "embodying: my invention is s i adapted'tosdetechably connect the cylinder IT to thecylindenii by a; relative angular-movement'- or-thetwoscylinders-the cylinder-'1 beingiiprei erably angiilarly-movahleaandthe cylinder'm being preferablygfixed. Inudetail, the cylinder {has iixed 'to' itgrealr encllthe extension! and the cylinder M" hasxfixed to :its front end, the

extension. l.9,1the (two extensions being substan V a tially axially mgned'whenthe parts'of the 0011- f I pling are connected. TheextensionlS isformed with the diametrically opposite arcuate recesses 7 29 which extendjlongitndinally forwardly from gageable withthe-drmns. lna much-as the brake friction means forms no part of theprwent in rention and different types are wellknown, the

, same are" not shown in detail. .3 is a master cylinder of standard construction-mounted on the chassis of thetractorand operativeiy connected to thewheelcylinders cithehrake friction means its rear endan ;.With the diametrica'lly opposite s V arcuate grooves 2i whichconnect'into the corre j spending voi th e recesses.- The extensionctd is provided; with the diametricallybpposite' radiallyoutwardlyLextendingg.-integral wings :22 of a size;to enter: therecesses-Zt and-then the grooves; 2 {r penangular nrovement of the cylinder 'i relative-to the cylinder its Suitabler'neans,

such as thelccking-boltiz 1 *ztending axially of and slidahle in the extension w is engageahle' withthe, rear-edge of awing 22 of the, extension 9, to holdfihe extensions from accidental relative angular movement permitting their for thefrontand rearwheelbrakes by the longi- V tudinally extending tubing-s 4 and s and. the

transversely extending tunings 5 and "6. The

tubing 4 isconnectedrat its'rearend tothecylim ider-l, Fignrel also. diagrammatically shew the frontand rear brake drums Bandfi resp'ectively, of the trailer within which are located suitable engagement. 7 The locking ,belt sis-resiliently urged tolocking position by' a suitablelcoilspring. I I

plungersloetween the pistons IS-andifi V for ("transmitting-the brakin'ggpressure-exerted ripe t nlfiq the on-.1 2 he plun er i is formedyviththe polygonal; shank -25;- thepo'l'yg-fl V onalenlargement; 26 at the front end o'f tlie shanhgand; the, cylindrical .basefl 'in-frontof V r the enlargement and slidably extending into thein place by the transversely split spring 3|.

tubular extension 28 of the piston I5. 29 is a coil spring between thepiston and the plunger located within the extension of the piston. 39 is a disc keyed within the extension 19 and held The disc is provided with the centrally located polygonal opening 32 of the same-contour as that of the shank 25 and of a size to slidably receive the shank so that its rear endmay abut the front end of the piston I6. 33 is a disc keyed within the extension. 18 and held in place by the transversely split spring 34. The disc 33 has the polygonal opening 35 which is. of the same contour as the olygonal enlargementrzli and of a size to freely receive the same. It will be noted that the openings in both discs 30 and.

33 are of greater height than width. It-,Qwill also 'be noted that the width of the opening,

35 in the disc 33 is sufficient to permit angul'arly moving or turning the disc 33 through 90 about the shank25 of the phmger. Whenthe extensions )l8 and I9 are detachably connected, the opening 35 registers with the enlargement 26 of the plunger to allowtheenlargementto pass through the opening'either when'brakin'g pressure is being applied orreimoved, the strength of the coil spring 36in the master cylinderbeing greater than-the strength ofthe' coilspring 29.

When'the braking pressure has-been removed, the piston lt abuts' the disc fiil-andit is held fromiurther forward movement. Also, the ene largement 26 of the plunger is spaced forwardly of" the disc'33 so that after the locking dog 23 has been released the cylinder l-and its extenwith the other, said plunger having a polygonal shank and a polygonal enlargement at one end of said shank, a disc on one of said extensions having a polygonal opening for receiving said shank, a second disc fixed to the other of said extensions having a polygonal opening registering with said enlargement to receive the same when said extensions are detachably connected, said last mentioned disc having its opening out of registration with said enlargement when said extensions occupy a relative angular position for detachment from each other whereby said last mentioned disc forms a stop for said plunger.

3, In a braking apparatus 'for tractor and trailervehiclesjhaving individual fluid pressure i operated brake systems each comprising a cylinsion l8 may-be angularly moved-orturned'to unlocking position during whichthedisc 33'is also angularly movedor turnedso that itsope'ning 35 no longer registers with theenlargement ZBQbut extends-at right angles. 1 fAs a result,

when the cylinder 1 and itsbxterisionlt are moved .forwardly and the extension #8 isdisengaged from. the extension 1-9, the enlargement '2Eis'forced against the disc 33 bythe' coil spring -29 and-the disc holds the plunger from any further rearward movement. vIt willb' "noted that at this-time the plunger is 'still located within fthe extension I8 so' that the latter is protected.

.What I claim as my invention is:

1;:In a braking apparatus 'for tractorrand'l trailer'lvehicles having individual fluid pressure operated brakesystems each comprising a cylinder and a piston therewithin, a coupling for V the systems comprising substantially axially aligned extensions fixed on said cylinders and relatively angularly movable for detachably connecting one to the other, a plunger between said pistons forwmoving 5 one with the other, means on one ofsaid'ex'tensions for holding said plunger 7 from angular movement relative thereto, and means" on and angularly rnovable with the other of'said extensions relativeto the first mentioned extension providing clearance .for said plunger when said extensions are detachably connected and jforming a stop-for said plunger when said extensions occupy a relative angular position for detachment from each other.

2. 1m a braking apparatus ior vehicle's having individual fluid pressure operated brake systems each comprising "a "cylinder anda piston therewithin, a co uplingforthe systems comprising substantially axially align ed extensions fixed on said cylinders and relativelyangularly movable for Tdetachably connecting one to 'th'e-othena plunger between said pistons for moving one der and a piston therewithin serving to prevent V vlealrageof fluid, a coupling for the systems comprising substantially axially aligned fixed and .angdl'arly movable extensions fixedly secured to saidcylinders and detachably connected to each 'oth niaplunger carried by the piston within said singularly movable cylinder and 'engageabie with the otheroi said pistons when said extensions are detachablyconnected, said plunger having a polygonal slianlcand a polygonal enlargement atan end of said shank engageable' with said last'mentioned piston, a spring between said last nent'icned piston and plungena discon said extension having a polygonal opening for receiving said shank, a'second'disc on andmovablewith said angularly movable extension having 'a opolygonal opening registering with said "enlargement to-receiv'e thejsame when said ex tensionsare 'detachably connected, said last mentioned disc having its opening out. of registration with-said enlargement when said extensions occupy a relative angular position fordetachment fromeach other whereby saidflast mentioned disc forms a stop for'saidplunger.

eQIn'a braking apparatus forvehicles having individual fluid pressure operated. brake systems,

ment of said plunger when said cylinder members occupy a relative angular positionfor detachment from eaclrother, r

"5. In a braking apparatus for vehicles having individual fluid pressure operatedbrake systems each comprising a cylinder member and'a piston therewithin. said cylinder members being relatively angularly movable for detachably connecting-one to the other, cooperating means on said cylinder members for detachablyconnectingthe same in one position or relative ahgularmovd merit, a plunger between saidpistons for moving one withvthe other when said cylinder members are detachably' connected, said plunger having a transverse shouldered portion and'a member on andangularly movable with one, of said cylinder membersrelativeto'said plunger, said member providing clearance for said plunger and its shouldcredportion when said cylinder members are detachably connected, said member being engageablewith said shouldered portion to limit movement of said plunger when said cylinder members occupy a relative angular position for detachment from each other, said shouldered portion being positioned on said plunger and said member being positioned on said one of said cylinder members whereby said plunger is held within said one of said cylinder members when said member engages said shouldered portion.

6. In a braking apparatus for vehicles having individual fluid pressure operated brake systems each comprising a cylinder member and a piston therewithin, said cylinder members being relatively angularly movable for detachably connecting one to the other, cooperating means on said cylinder members for detachably connecting the :same in one: position'of relative angular movement, a plunger between said pistons for moving one with the other when said cylinder members are detachably connected, said plunger having a transverse shouldered portion, and afi xed memmembers are-detachably connected, said fixed member being engageable withfsaid shouldered portionsto limit movement of said plunger when said cylinder members occupy a. relative angular 

